FAQs
Frequently Asked Questions About Home Renovation, Retrofit, and Architecture
We know that planning a home renovation or retrofit can feel overwhelming — especially when it’s one of the biggest investments you’ll ever make. Our role is to guide you through the design and construction process with clarity and confidence, so you always know what to expect.
Below, we’ve answered some of the most common questions we hear from London homeowners about architecture, interiors, and retrofit design. If your question isn’t listed, please get in touch with us — we’re always happy to help.
Working With an Architect
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Unless your project is very simple, you’ll likely benefit from working with an architect — and it’s sensible to seek their advice even if you think you don’t.
A good architect will ask the right questions to help you clarify your goals and priorities. They’ll take your ideas and turn them into a clear, coordinated vision that’s tailored to how you want to live.
Using their experience, they’ll plan the whole process, anticipate risks, and guide you through each stage of design, planning, and construction. They’ll consider obstacles you may not be aware of and help you make confident, informed decisions.
An architect doesn’t just add value to your property — they add value to your quality of life. The right design will save you stress, avoid costly mistakes, and create a home that feels comfortable, efficient, and beautiful for years to come.
Choosing the right architect is one of the most important decisions you’ll make for your project.
We offer a free consultation to discuss your ideas and next steps. It’s a relaxed, no-obligation conversation where you can ask questions about design, cost, planning, and construction — and see if we’re the right fit for your project. -
The earlier, the better. We can often save you money and time by shaping the brief, clarifying what’s possible under planning, and setting a realistic budget before you spend on surveys or builders. Most clients begin with our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal, which provides that early clarity.
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Homes are personal — they need to work beautifully for the way you live every day. Architects with domestic experience understand how families use space, light, and storage, and how to balance comfort, character, and performance in a lived-in setting.
Designing homes also involves unique challenges that differ from large commercial work: older building fabric, planning constraints, tight London sites, and the need to coordinate everything from structure to interiors without losing the building’s soul.
At Studio CMA, we specialise in London homes — particularly older and characterful properties. Whether Victorian, Edwardian, or mid-century, these homes have enormous potential when carefully upgraded for comfort, efficiency, and modern living. Our projects blend architecture, retrofit strategy, and interiors so that every design decision supports how the home feels and performs.
We guide you through every step — developing the brief, forecasting budgets, managing planning and technical design, coordinating consultants, and administering the contract on site.
Our experience also includes:
Low-energy and retrofit design to make older homes warmer, quieter, and more efficient.
Interior architecture and joinery that make daily life smoother and more enjoyable.
Lighting and material design that enhance both atmosphere and practicality.
Principal Designer duties under the Building Safety Act and CDM regulations, ensuring compliance and safety from the start.
Choosing an architect with domestic experience means your project is in the hands of people who understand how homes actually work — technically, aesthetically, and emotionally.
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Anyone can call themselves a designer, but only a registered architect has completed accredited training and is regulated by the Architects Registration Board (ARB). This means we’re legally bound by a code of conduct, professional indemnity insurance, and ongoing CPD requirements. You get accountability, proven expertise, and design thinking grounded in both creativity and technical rigour.
Our Services
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We offer a complete architectural service — guiding your project from the first conversation through to completion on site. Our work covers everything from early feasibility and design to construction and aftercare, ensuring your vision is carried through in every detail.
Every project begins with our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal. This short, pre-design step provides clarity on your brief, planning constraints, and realistic costs before you commit to full design.
From there, we typically deliver a Full Architectural Service, structured around the RIBA stages:
Concept Design: exploring layout, light, and energy strategies, tested against your budget.
Developed Design: refining the preferred scheme and preparing planning applications.
Technical Design: producing coordinated drawings and specifications ready for tender and construction.
Construction: administering the contract, checking progress on site, and ensuring the build meets the agreed design, quality, and cost.
Handover & Aftercare: inspecting the completed works and remaining available during the defects period.
Alongside this, we offer complementary specialist services:
Retrofit Strategy Service – a detailed roadmap to improve comfort, energy performance, and carbon footprint using Passivhaus tools.
Architectural Interiors Service – integrated design for finishes, lighting, joinery, and furnishing to create a cohesive, characterful home.
Depending on your project, we may also act as Principal Designer under Building Regulations, fulfilling the duties introduced by the Building Safety Act to ensure compliance and safety from the outset.
You can read more about how these services integrate on our Full Architectural Service page.
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It begins with a free discovery call — a short conversation to understand your goals, challenges, and priorities. If your project feels like a good fit, the next step is our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal (AHVA).
The AHVA is a focused, pre-design service that gives you clarity before committing to full design. It includes planning research, a written brief, and a construction cost forecast, so you can make informed decisions about scope, cost, and timing.
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You’ll receive a clear report with our findings and recommendations. From there, you can proceed into the Full Architectural Service, commission a Retrofit Strategy if energy performance is a priority, or pause while you plan next steps. There’s no obligation — but most clients choose to continue once they see the value of that clarity.
Design and Planning Permission
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For most residential projects, local authorities aim to decide applications within 8–10 weeks, but allow extra time for validation, amendments, or committee review. We prepare all drawings and supporting information and handle communication with the planners on your behalf.
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We regularly work in conservation areas and with listed buildings across London. These homes require careful coordination of heritage and sustainability goals. We’ll handle all planning research, liaise with the local Conservation Officer if needed, and produce design statements that demonstrate respect for the building’s character while improving comfort and performance.
Fees and Budgets
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Our fees vary depending on the project’s scope, complexity, and the level of service you need. Every project begins with our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal, which gives you early clarity on what’s possible, what it might cost, and what route makes the most sense for you.
From there, we use a range of fee structures depending on the stage and nature of the work.
When the scope is well defined, we’ll usually offer a fixed fee — this gives you cost certainty and peace of mind from the outset.
In the early stages, or when the scope is still evolving, a time-based or percentage fee may be more appropriate. This ensures you only pay for the work that’s actually needed as the project takes shape.Each approach has its strengths:
Fixed fees provide clarity and help with budgeting.
Time-based fees offer flexibility when the brief or design is still fluid.
Percentage fees can fairly reflect the scale of work when costs are not yet known.
We’ll always explain which model best suits your situation before you commit — so you can make an informed choice with confidence.
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The cost of construction depends on many factors — the property’s location, condition, access, and the quality of materials and finishes. In London, prices have risen in recent years due to labour shortages and inflation, so getting an accurate early forecast is more important than ever.
As a broad guide for 2025:
Single-storey extension: £2,500 – £4,000 per m²
Finishes, glazing, and structural complexity have the biggest impact.Two-storey extension: £2,000 – £3,200 per m²
Economies across both floors reduce average cost.Basement work: £4,500 – £6,000 per m²
Higher due to excavation, waterproofing, and risk.Full-house retrofit or refurbishment: £1,800 – £3,800 per m²
Varies with energy-performance targets and extent of reconfiguration.Kitchens and bathrooms: from £15,000 – £40,000+
Quality of fixtures, fittings, and bespoke joinery affects cost.
These figures exclude VAT and professional fees.
The size and specification of your project have the greatest impact on cost, so we use area-based benchmarks early in design to set a realistic budget.
Every project begins with our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal, which includes a tailored construction cost forecast and full project budget assessment before you commit to detailed design. As the design evolves, we continuously test it against live market data to keep the project financially viable from start to finish.
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Alongside the construction cost itself, you’ll need to allow for statutory fees, professional consultants, and other related expenses.
As a broad guide, professional and statutory costs typically add around 15–25% on top of the construction cost. These may include:
Architect and design consultant fees – including structural engineer, mechanical or electrical designer, and landscape designer.
Principal Designer (Building Regulations) role – a new requirement under the Building Safety Act, ensuring that safety and compliance are considered throughout design.
CDM (Health and Safety) Principal Designer or Client Advisor – separate from the Building Regulations role, this covers health and safety duties under construction law.
Planning application and Listed Building Consent fees – payable to your local authority.
Building Control fees – for plan checks, inspections, and final certification.
Party wall surveyor fees – if your project affects a shared boundary.
Insurance and warranties – including home insurance during works or optional build warranties for added protection.
VAT – usually applicable to both construction and professional fees for work to existing properties.
We’ll outline these costs clearly at the start of your project and keep them updated as your design progresses. Our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal includes an early budget overview, so you can plan with confidence from day one.
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We prepare a construction cost forecast and a whole-project budget plan before design begins, as part of our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal. This gives you a clear understanding of what your ambitions are likely to cost — including construction, professional and statutory fees, VAT, contingencies, and risk.
Rather than relying on generic £/m² rates, we build a scope-specific forecast based on your home, brief, and site constraints. We may reference costs from recently completed projects for context, but every project and every client is different, so the forecast is tailored to you.
As the design develops, we update the forecast at each stage, testing options and refining assumptions. This helps you make informed decisions about priorities, quality, and timing — ensuring your investment delivers the best value for you.
During construction, we administer the building contract, review valuations, manage variations, and maintain a clear cost record so you always know where things stand.
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Our proposals set out the scope of services, deliverables, and fee structure for each stage of the project. We outline the likely activities, key milestones, and any allowances for surveys or specialist consultants, so you have a clear understanding of what’s included from the outset.
At the early stages, there are still many variables — project scope, planning complexity, and technical requirements may change — so it’s not always possible to give a fixed fee straight away. Instead, our proposals explain how fees will be calculated and adjusted as the project becomes more defined.
All of our appointments are governed by the RIBA Domestic Professional Services Contract, which clearly sets out roles, responsibilities, and payment terms. This ensures transparency and accountability at every stage, so you know exactly what to expect as your project progresses.
Retrofit and Energy Efficiency
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A light retrofit focuses on comfort and running-cost improvements through simple upgrades like insulation, airtightness, and better windows. A full retrofit, AECB retrofit or EnerPHit-level upgrade takes a whole-house approach, often including ventilation with heat recovery and renewable systems. We’ll help you find the right balance between performance, disruption, and cost.
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Yes — we apply Passivhaus and EnerPHit principles to all retrofit and new-build projects where possible. This means starting with a fabric-first approach: improving insulation, airtightness, and ventilation before adding renewable technologies. These principles ensure your home stays warm, quiet, and healthy with minimal energy use.
Interiors and Materials
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Absolutely. We offer a dedicated Architectural Interiors Service that runs alongside the architectural design. It covers layouts, lighting, finishes, and bespoke joinery so that your interiors feel cohesive, functional, and beautiful.
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Yes — wherever possible we favour natural, low-impact materials such as timber, lime, cork, and clay-based products. They regulate moisture, improve indoor air quality, and age gracefully. Sustainability isn’t a bolt-on for us; it’s a guiding principle that shapes every design decision.
The Design and Construction Process
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That’s completely normal — most of our clients are going through this process for the first time. Our role is to guide you through each stage so you always know what’s happening and what comes next.
We follow the RIBA Plan of Work, a clear framework used across the profession. Here’s a simple overview:
Before design: Every project starts with our Architect’s Home Visit and Appraisal, which clarifies your goals, budget, and planning context before you commit to full design.
Stage 2 – Concept Design: We explore layout, daylight, and energy strategies and test up to three design options against your budget.
Stage 3 – Developed Design: We refine the preferred scheme, coordinate with engineers, and prepare your planning application.
Stage 4 – Technical Design: We produce detailed drawings and specifications so the project can be accurately priced and built.
Stage 5 – Construction: We make regular site visits and act as Contract Administrator, checking progress, quality, and payments.
Stage 6 – Handover and Aftercare: We inspect the finished works, issue certificates, and remain available through the defects period to make sure everything performs as it should.
Each stage has clear deliverables, costs, and milestones.
You can read a fuller description of this process — including how our retrofit and interiors services fit in — on our Full Architectural Service page. -
It’s possible to make small adjustments during construction, but major changes can be costly and disruptive once work has started.
Before the build begins, we prepare a complete set of drawings, schedules, and specifications so the project can be priced accurately and built efficiently. This approach gives you cost certainty and helps avoid unexpected delays or variations later.
If you’re unsure about any aspect of the design, we recommend exploring it fully during the design stages. We can create 3D models and visualisations to help you understand how spaces will look and feel before construction begins. It’s a small investment that often saves time, money, and stress on site.
That said, we understand that ideas evolve — and when they do, we’ll advise you on the implications for cost, timing, and quality so you can make informed decisions.
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Every project is different, but as a guide:
Design and planning: 3–6 months
Technical design and tendering: 3–4 months
Construction: 6–12 months, depending on scale
We’ll map out a realistic programme during the early stages and update it as the project evolves so you can plan with confidence.
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We help shortlist suitable builders and issue a full tender package for accurate pricing. Once the contractor is appointed, we administer the building contract — issuing instructions, certifying payments, and monitoring quality. Our involvement gives you control and accountability throughout the build.
After the Build
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Yes. After Practical Completion, we inspect the finished works, issue certificates, and remain involved through the defects period (usually 12 months). We then confirm all issues are resolved before final payment is released. Many clients stay in touch for future advice — we’re always happy to help as your needs evolve.
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Definitely. We can prepare a long-term maintenance and energy improvement plan for your home, based on the information gathered during design and construction. This helps you plan upgrades, spread costs, and maintain comfort and efficiency over time.
Still have questions?
We’d be happy to discuss your project.
Book a free discovery call to explore your ideas and next steps..
Or learn more about our full range of services before you get in touch.